/* See LICENSE for license details. */
#include <X11/XKBlib.h>
#include <X11/Xatom.h>
#include <X11/Xft/Xft.h>
#include <X11/Xlib.h>
#include <X11/cursorfont.h>
#include <X11/keysym.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <libgen.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <locale.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <sys/select.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <unistd.h>

char * argv0;
#include "arg.h"
#include "st.h"
#include "win.h"

/* types used in config.h */
typedef struct
{
  uint mod;
  KeySym keysym;
  void (*func)(const Arg *);
  const Arg arg;
} Shortcut;

typedef struct
{
  uint mod;
  uint button;
  void (*func)(const Arg *);
  const Arg arg;
  uint release;
} MouseShortcut;

typedef struct
{
  KeySym k;
  uint mask;
  char * s;
  /* three-valued logic variables: 0 indifferent, 1 on, -1 off */
  signed char appkey;    /* application keypad */
  signed char appcursor; /* application cursor */
} Key;

/* X modifiers */
#define XK_ANY_MOD UINT_MAX
#define XK_NO_MOD 0
#define XK_SWITCH_MOD (1 << 13 | 1 << 14)

/* function definitions used in config.h */
static void clipcopy(const Arg *);
static void clippaste(const Arg *);
static void numlock(const Arg *);
static void selpaste(const Arg *);
static void zoom(const Arg *);
static void zoomabs(const Arg *);
static void zoomreset(const Arg *);
static void ttysend(const Arg *);

/* config.h for applying patches and the configuration. */
#include "config.h"

/* XEMBED messages */
#define XEMBED_FOCUS_IN 4
#define XEMBED_FOCUS_OUT 5

/* macros */
#define IS_SET(flag) ((win.mode & (flag)) != 0)
#define TRUERED(x) (((x) & 0xff0000) >> 8)
#define TRUEGREEN(x) (((x) & 0xff00))
#define TRUEBLUE(x) (((x) & 0xff) << 8)

typedef XftDraw * Draw;
typedef XftColor Color;
typedef XftGlyphFontSpec GlyphFontSpec;

/* Purely graphic info */
typedef struct
{
  int tw, th; /* tty width and height */
  int w, h;   /* window width and height */
  int ch;     /* char height */
  int cw;     /* char width  */
  int mode;   /* window state/mode flags */
  int cursor; /* cursor style */
} TermWindow;

typedef struct
{
  Display * dpy;
  Colormap cmap;
  Window win;
  Drawable buf;
  GlyphFontSpec * specbuf; /* font spec buffer used for rendering */
  Atom xembed, wmdeletewin, netwmname, netwmiconname, netwmpid;
  struct
  {
    XIM xim;
    XIC xic;
    XPoint spot;
    XVaNestedList spotlist;
  } ime;
  Draw draw;
  Visual * vis;
  XSetWindowAttributes attrs;
  int scr;
  int isfixed; /* is fixed geometry? */
  int l, t;    /* left and top offset */
  int gm;      /* geometry mask */
} XWindow;

typedef struct
{
  Atom xtarget;
  char *primary, *clipboard;
  struct timespec tclick1;
  struct timespec tclick2;
} XSelection;

/* Font structure */
#define Font Font_
typedef struct
{
  int height;
  int width;
  int ascent;
  int descent;
  int badslant;
  int badweight;
  short lbearing;
  short rbearing;
  XftFont * match;
  FcFontSet * set;
  FcPattern * pattern;
} Font;

/* Drawing Context */
typedef struct
{
  Color * col;
  size_t collen;
  Font font, bfont, ifont, ibfont;
  GC gc;
} DC;

static inline ushort sixd_to_16bit(int);
static int xmakeglyphfontspecs(XftGlyphFontSpec *, const Glyph *, int, int, int);
static void xdrawglyphfontspecs(const XftGlyphFontSpec *, Glyph, int, int, int);
static void xdrawglyph(Glyph, int, int);
static void xclear(int, int, int, int);
static int xgeommasktogravity(int);
static int ximopen(Display *);
static void ximinstantiate(Display *, XPointer, XPointer);
static void ximdestroy(XIM, XPointer, XPointer);
static int xicdestroy(XIC, XPointer, XPointer);
static void xinit(int, int);
static void cresize(int, int);
static void xresize(int, int);
static void xhints(void);
static int xloadcolor(int, const char *, Color *);
static int xloadfont(Font *, FcPattern *);
static void xloadfonts(const char *, double);
static void xunloadfont(Font *);
static void xunloadfonts(void);
static void xsetenv(void);
static void xseturgency(int);
static int evcol(XEvent *);
static int evrow(XEvent *);

static void expose(XEvent *);
static void visibility(XEvent *);
static void unmap(XEvent *);
static void kpress(XEvent *);
static void cmessage(XEvent *);
static void resize(XEvent *);
static void focus(XEvent *);
static uint buttonmask(uint);
static int mouseaction(XEvent *, uint);
static void brelease(XEvent *);
static void bpress(XEvent *);
static void bmotion(XEvent *);
static void propnotify(XEvent *);
static void selnotify(XEvent *);
static void selclear_(XEvent *);
static void selrequest(XEvent *);
static void setsel(char *, Time);
static void mousesel(XEvent *, int);
static void mousereport(XEvent *);
static char * kmap(KeySym, uint);
static int match(uint, uint);

static void run(void);
static void usage(void);

static void (*handler[LASTEvent])(XEvent *) = {
  [KeyPress] = kpress,
  [ClientMessage] = cmessage,
  [ConfigureNotify] = resize,
  [VisibilityNotify] = visibility,
  [UnmapNotify] = unmap,
  [Expose] = expose,
  [FocusIn] = focus,
  [FocusOut] = focus,
  [MotionNotify] = bmotion,
  [ButtonPress] = bpress,
  [ButtonRelease] = brelease,
  /*
   * Uncomment if you want the selection to disappear when you select something
   * different in another window.
   */
  /*	[SelectionClear] = selclear_, */
  [SelectionNotify] = selnotify,
  /*
   * PropertyNotify is only turned on when there is some INCR transfer happening
   * for the selection retrieval.
   */
  [PropertyNotify] = propnotify,
  [SelectionRequest] = selrequest,
};

/* Globals */
static DC dc;
static XWindow xw;
static XSelection xsel;
static TermWindow win;

/* Font Ring Cache */
enum
{
  FRC_NORMAL,
  FRC_ITALIC,
  FRC_BOLD,
  FRC_ITALICBOLD
};

typedef struct
{
  XftFont * font;
  int flags;
  Rune unicodep;
} Fontcache;

/* Fontcache is an array now. A new font will be appended to the array. */
static Fontcache * frc = NULL;
static int frclen = 0;
static int frccap = 0;
static char * usedfont = NULL;
static double usedfontsize = 0;
static double defaultfontsize = 0;

static char * opt_class = NULL;
static char ** opt_cmd = NULL;
static char * opt_embed = NULL;
static char * opt_font = NULL;
static char * opt_io = NULL;
static char * opt_line = NULL;
static char * opt_name = NULL;
static char * opt_title = NULL;

static uint buttons; /* bit field of pressed buttons */

void
clipcopy(const Arg * dummy)
{
  Atom clipboard;

  free(xsel.clipboard);
  xsel.clipboard = NULL;

  if (xsel.primary != NULL)
    {
      xsel.clipboard = xstrdup(xsel.primary);
      clipboard = XInternAtom(xw.dpy, "CLIPBOARD", 0);
      XSetSelectionOwner(xw.dpy, clipboard, xw.win, CurrentTime);
    }
}

void
clippaste(const Arg * dummy)
{
  Atom clipboard;

  clipboard = XInternAtom(xw.dpy, "CLIPBOARD", 0);
  XConvertSelection(xw.dpy, clipboard, xsel.xtarget, clipboard, xw.win, CurrentTime);
}

void
selpaste(const Arg * dummy)
{
  XConvertSelection(xw.dpy, XA_PRIMARY, xsel.xtarget, XA_PRIMARY, xw.win, CurrentTime);
}

void
numlock(const Arg * dummy)
{
  win.mode ^= MODE_NUMLOCK;
}

void
zoom(const Arg * arg)
{
  Arg larg;

  larg.f = usedfontsize + arg->f;
  zoomabs(&larg);
}

void
zoomabs(const Arg * arg)
{
  xunloadfonts();
  xloadfonts(usedfont, arg->f);
  cresize(0, 0);
  redraw();
  xhints();
}

void
zoomreset(const Arg * arg)
{
  Arg larg;

  if (defaultfontsize > 0)
    {
      larg.f = defaultfontsize;
      zoomabs(&larg);
    }
}

void
ttysend(const Arg * arg)
{
  ttywrite(arg->s, strlen(arg->s), 1);
}

int
evcol(XEvent * e)
{
  int x = e->xbutton.x - borderpx;
  LIMIT(x, 0, win.tw - 1);
  return x / win.cw;
}

int
evrow(XEvent * e)
{
  int y = e->xbutton.y - borderpx;
  LIMIT(y, 0, win.th - 1);
  return y / win.ch;
}

void
mousesel(XEvent * e, int done)
{
  int type, seltype = SEL_REGULAR;
  uint state = e->xbutton.state & ~(Button1Mask | forcemousemod);

  for (type = 1; type < LEN(selmasks); ++type)
    {
      if (match(selmasks[type], state))
        {
          seltype = type;
          break;
        }
    }
  selextend(evcol(e), evrow(e), seltype, done);
  if (done)
    setsel(getsel(), e->xbutton.time);
}

void
mousereport(XEvent * e)
{
  int len, btn, code;
  int x = evcol(e), y = evrow(e);
  int state = e->xbutton.state;
  char buf[40];
  static int ox, oy;

  if (e->type == MotionNotify)
    {
      if (x == ox && y == oy)
        return;
      if (!IS_SET(MODE_MOUSEMOTION) && !IS_SET(MODE_MOUSEMANY))
        return;
      /* MODE_MOUSEMOTION: no reporting if no button is pressed */
      if (IS_SET(MODE_MOUSEMOTION) && buttons == 0)
        return;
      /* Set btn to lowest-numbered pressed button, or 12 if no
       * buttons are pressed. */
      for (btn = 1; btn <= 11 && !(buttons & (1 << (btn - 1))); btn++)
        ;
      code = 32;
    }
  else
    {
      btn = e->xbutton.button;
      /* Only buttons 1 through 11 can be encoded */
      if (btn < 1 || btn > 11)
        return;
      if (e->type == ButtonRelease)
        {
          /* MODE_MOUSEX10: no button release reporting */
          if (IS_SET(MODE_MOUSEX10))
            return;
          /* Don't send release events for the scroll wheel */
          if (btn == 4 || btn == 5)
            return;
        }
      code = 0;
    }

  ox = x;
  oy = y;

  /* Encode btn into code. If no button is pressed for a motion event in
   * MODE_MOUSEMANY, then encode it as a release. */
  if ((!IS_SET(MODE_MOUSESGR) && e->type == ButtonRelease) || btn == 12)
    code += 3;
  else if (btn >= 8)
    code += 128 + btn - 8;
  else if (btn >= 4)
    code += 64 + btn - 4;
  else
    code += btn - 1;

  if (!IS_SET(MODE_MOUSEX10))
    {
      code += ((state & ShiftMask) ? 4 : 0)
              + ((state & Mod1Mask) ? 8 : 0) /* meta key: alt */
              + ((state & ControlMask) ? 16 : 0);
    }

  if (IS_SET(MODE_MOUSESGR))
    {
      len = snprintf(buf,
                     sizeof(buf),
                     "\033[<%d;%d;%d%c",
                     code,
                     x + 1,
                     y + 1,
                     e->type == ButtonRelease ? 'm' : 'M');
    }
  else if (x < 223 && y < 223)
    {
      len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "\033[M%c%c%c", 32 + code, 32 + x + 1, 32 + y + 1);
    }
  else
    {
      return;
    }

  ttywrite(buf, len, 0);
}

uint
buttonmask(uint button)
{
  return button == Button1   ? Button1Mask
         : button == Button2 ? Button2Mask
         : button == Button3 ? Button3Mask
         : button == Button4 ? Button4Mask
         : button == Button5 ? Button5Mask
                             : 0;
}

int
mouseaction(XEvent * e, uint release)
{
  MouseShortcut * ms;

  /* ignore Button<N>mask for Button<N> - it's set on release */
  uint state = e->xbutton.state & ~buttonmask(e->xbutton.button);

  for (ms = mshortcuts; ms < mshortcuts + LEN(mshortcuts); ms++)
    {
      if (ms->release == release && ms->button == e->xbutton.button
          && (match(ms->mod, state) || /* exact or forced */
              match(ms->mod, state & ~forcemousemod)))
        {
          ms->func(&(ms->arg));
          return 1;
        }
    }

  return 0;
}

void
bpress(XEvent * e)
{
  int btn = e->xbutton.button;
  struct timespec now;
  int snap;

  if (1 <= btn && btn <= 11)
    buttons |= 1 << (btn - 1);

  if (IS_SET(MODE_MOUSE) && !(e->xbutton.state & forcemousemod))
    {
      mousereport(e);
      return;
    }

  if (mouseaction(e, 0))
    return;

  if (btn == Button1)
    {
      /*
       * If the user clicks below predefined timeouts specific
       * snapping behaviour is exposed.
       */
      clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &now);
      if (TIMEDIFF(now, xsel.tclick2) <= tripleclicktimeout)
        {
          snap = SNAP_LINE;
        }
      else if (TIMEDIFF(now, xsel.tclick1) <= doubleclicktimeout)
        {
          snap = SNAP_WORD;
        }
      else
        {
          snap = 0;
        }
      xsel.tclick2 = xsel.tclick1;
      xsel.tclick1 = now;

      selstart(evcol(e), evrow(e), snap);
    }
}

void
propnotify(XEvent * e)
{
  XPropertyEvent * xpev;
  Atom clipboard = XInternAtom(xw.dpy, "CLIPBOARD", 0);

  xpev = &e->xproperty;
  if (xpev->state == PropertyNewValue
      && (xpev->atom == XA_PRIMARY || xpev->atom == clipboard))
    {
      selnotify(e);
    }
}

void
selnotify(XEvent * e)
{
  ulong nitems, ofs, rem;
  int format;
  uchar *data, *last, *repl;
  Atom type, incratom, property = None;

  incratom = XInternAtom(xw.dpy, "INCR", 0);

  ofs = 0;
  if (e->type == SelectionNotify)
    property = e->xselection.property;
  else if (e->type == PropertyNotify)
    property = e->xproperty.atom;

  if (property == None)
    return;

  do
    {
      if (XGetWindowProperty(xw.dpy,
                             xw.win,
                             property,
                             ofs,
                             BUFSIZ / 4,
                             False,
                             AnyPropertyType,
                             &type,
                             &format,
                             &nitems,
                             &rem,
                             &data))
        {
          fprintf(stderr, "Clipboard allocation failed\n");
          return;
        }

      if (e->type == PropertyNotify && nitems == 0 && rem == 0)
        {
          /*
           * If there is some PropertyNotify with no data, then
           * this is the signal of the selection owner that all
           * data has been transferred. We won't need to receive
           * PropertyNotify events anymore.
           */
          MODBIT(xw.attrs.event_mask, 0, PropertyChangeMask);
          XChangeWindowAttributes(xw.dpy, xw.win, CWEventMask, &xw.attrs);
        }

      if (type == incratom)
        {
          /*
           * Activate the PropertyNotify events so we receive
           * when the selection owner does send us the next
           * chunk of data.
           */
          MODBIT(xw.attrs.event_mask, 1, PropertyChangeMask);
          XChangeWindowAttributes(xw.dpy, xw.win, CWEventMask, &xw.attrs);

          /*
           * Deleting the property is the transfer start signal.
           */
          XDeleteProperty(xw.dpy, xw.win, (int)property);
          continue;
        }

      /*
       * As seen in getsel:
       * Line endings are inconsistent in the terminal and GUI world
       * copy and pasting. When receiving some selection data,
       * replace all '\n' with '\r'.
       * FIXME: Fix the computer world.
       */
      repl = data;
      last = data + nitems * format / 8;
      while ((repl = memchr(repl, '\n', last - repl)))
        {
          *repl++ = '\r';
        }

      if (IS_SET(MODE_BRCKTPASTE) && ofs == 0)
        ttywrite("\033[200~", 6, 0);
      ttywrite((char *)data, nitems * format / 8, 1);
      if (IS_SET(MODE_BRCKTPASTE) && rem == 0)
        ttywrite("\033[201~", 6, 0);
      XFree(data);
      /* number of 32-bit chunks returned */
      ofs += nitems * format / 32;
  } while (rem > 0);

  /*
   * Deleting the property again tells the selection owner to send the
   * next data chunk in the property.
   */
  XDeleteProperty(xw.dpy, xw.win, (int)property);
}

void
xclipcopy(void)
{
  clipcopy(NULL);
}

void
selclear_(XEvent * e)
{
  selclear();
}

void
selrequest(XEvent * e)
{
  XSelectionRequestEvent * xsre;
  XSelectionEvent xev;
  Atom xa_targets, string, clipboard;
  char * seltext;

  xsre = (XSelectionRequestEvent *)e;
  xev.type = SelectionNotify;
  xev.requestor = xsre->requestor;
  xev.selection = xsre->selection;
  xev.target = xsre->target;
  xev.time = xsre->time;
  if (xsre->property == None)
    xsre->property = xsre->target;

  /* reject */
  xev.property = None;

  xa_targets = XInternAtom(xw.dpy, "TARGETS", 0);
  if (xsre->target == xa_targets)
    {
      /* respond with the supported type */
      string = xsel.xtarget;
      XChangeProperty(xsre->display,
                      xsre->requestor,
                      xsre->property,
                      XA_ATOM,
                      32,
                      PropModeReplace,
                      (uchar *)&string,
                      1);
      xev.property = xsre->property;
    }
  else if (xsre->target == xsel.xtarget || xsre->target == XA_STRING)
    {
      /*
       * xith XA_STRING non ascii characters may be incorrect in the
       * requestor. It is not our problem, use utf8.
       */
      clipboard = XInternAtom(xw.dpy, "CLIPBOARD", 0);
      if (xsre->selection == XA_PRIMARY)
        {
          seltext = xsel.primary;
        }
      else if (xsre->selection == clipboard)
        {
          seltext = xsel.clipboard;
        }
      else
        {
          fprintf(stderr, "Unhandled clipboard selection 0x%lx\n", xsre->selection);
          return;
        }
      if (seltext != NULL)
        {
          XChangeProperty(xsre->display,
                          xsre->requestor,
                          xsre->property,
                          xsre->target,
                          8,
                          PropModeReplace,
                          (uchar *)seltext,
                          strlen(seltext));
          xev.property = xsre->property;
        }
    }

  /* all done, send a notification to the listener */
  if (!XSendEvent(xsre->display, xsre->requestor, 1, 0, (XEvent *)&xev))
    fprintf(stderr, "Error sending SelectionNotify event\n");
}

void
setsel(char * str, Time t)
{
  if (!str)
    return;

  free(xsel.primary);
  xsel.primary = str;

  XSetSelectionOwner(xw.dpy, XA_PRIMARY, xw.win, t);
  if (XGetSelectionOwner(xw.dpy, XA_PRIMARY) != xw.win)
    selclear();
}

void
xsetsel(char * str)
{
  setsel(str, CurrentTime);
}

void
brelease(XEvent * e)
{
  int btn = e->xbutton.button;

  if (1 <= btn && btn <= 11)
    buttons &= ~(1 << (btn - 1));

  if (IS_SET(MODE_MOUSE) && !(e->xbutton.state & forcemousemod))
    {
      mousereport(e);
      return;
    }

  if (mouseaction(e, 1))
    return;
  if (btn == Button1)
    mousesel(e, 1);
}

void
bmotion(XEvent * e)
{
  if (IS_SET(MODE_MOUSE) && !(e->xbutton.state & forcemousemod))
    {
      mousereport(e);
      return;
    }

  mousesel(e, 0);
}

void
cresize(int width, int height)
{
  int col, row;

  if (width != 0)
    win.w = width;
  if (height != 0)
    win.h = height;

  col = (win.w - 2 * borderpx) / win.cw;
  row = (win.h - 2 * borderpx) / win.ch;
  col = MAX(1, col);
  row = MAX(1, row);

  tresize(col, row);
  xresize(col, row);
  ttyresize(win.tw, win.th);
}

void
xresize(int col, int row)
{
  win.tw = col * win.cw;
  win.th = row * win.ch;

  XFreePixmap(xw.dpy, xw.buf);
  xw.buf = XCreatePixmap(xw.dpy, xw.win, win.w, win.h, DefaultDepth(xw.dpy, xw.scr));
  XftDrawChange(xw.draw, xw.buf);
  xclear(0, 0, win.w, win.h);

  /* resize to new width */
  xw.specbuf = xrealloc(xw.specbuf, col * sizeof(GlyphFontSpec));
}

ushort
sixd_to_16bit(int x)
{
  return x == 0 ? 0 : 0x3737 + 0x2828 * x;
}

int
xloadcolor(int i, const char * name, Color * ncolor)
{
  XRenderColor color = { .alpha = 0xffff };

  if (!name)
    {
      if (BETWEEN(i, 16, 255))
        { /* 256 color */
          if (i < 6 * 6 * 6 + 16)
            { /* same colors as xterm */
              color.red = sixd_to_16bit(((i - 16) / 36) % 6);
              color.green = sixd_to_16bit(((i - 16) / 6) % 6);
              color.blue = sixd_to_16bit(((i - 16) / 1) % 6);
            }
          else
            { /* greyscale */
              color.red = 0x0808 + 0x0a0a * (i - (6 * 6 * 6 + 16));
              color.green = color.blue = color.red;
            }
          return XftColorAllocValue(xw.dpy, xw.vis, xw.cmap, &color, ncolor);
        }
      else
        name = colorname[i];
    }

  return XftColorAllocName(xw.dpy, xw.vis, xw.cmap, name, ncolor);
}

void
xloadcols(void)
{
  int i;
  static int loaded;
  Color * cp;

  if (loaded)
    {
      for (cp = dc.col; cp < &dc.col[dc.collen]; ++cp)
        XftColorFree(xw.dpy, xw.vis, xw.cmap, cp);
    }
  else
    {
      dc.collen = MAX(LEN(colorname), 256);
      dc.col = xmalloc(dc.collen * sizeof(Color));
    }

  for (i = 0; i < dc.collen; i++)
    if (!xloadcolor(i, NULL, &dc.col[i]))
      {
        if (colorname[i])
          die("could not allocate color '%s'\n", colorname[i]);
        else
          die("could not allocate color %d\n", i);
      }
  loaded = 1;
}

int
xgetcolor(int x, unsigned char * r, unsigned char * g, unsigned char * b)
{
  if (!BETWEEN(x, 0, dc.collen))
    return 1;

  *r = dc.col[x].color.red >> 8;
  *g = dc.col[x].color.green >> 8;
  *b = dc.col[x].color.blue >> 8;

  return 0;
}

int
xsetcolorname(int x, const char * name)
{
  Color ncolor;

  if (!BETWEEN(x, 0, dc.collen))
    return 1;

  if (!xloadcolor(x, name, &ncolor))
    return 1;

  XftColorFree(xw.dpy, xw.vis, xw.cmap, &dc.col[x]);
  dc.col[x] = ncolor;

  return 0;
}

/*
 * Absolute coordinates.
 */
void
xclear(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2)
{
  XftDrawRect(xw.draw,
              &dc.col[IS_SET(MODE_REVERSE) ? defaultfg : defaultbg],
              x1,
              y1,
              x2 - x1,
              y2 - y1);
}

void
xhints(void)
{
  XClassHint class = { opt_name ? opt_name : termname, opt_class ? opt_class : termname };
  XWMHints wm = { .flags = InputHint, .input = 1 };
  XSizeHints * sizeh;

  sizeh = XAllocSizeHints();

  sizeh->flags = PSize | PResizeInc | PBaseSize | PMinSize;
  sizeh->height = win.h;
  sizeh->width = win.w;
  sizeh->height_inc = win.ch;
  sizeh->width_inc = win.cw;
  sizeh->base_height = 2 * borderpx;
  sizeh->base_width = 2 * borderpx;
  sizeh->min_height = win.ch + 2 * borderpx;
  sizeh->min_width = win.cw + 2 * borderpx;
  if (xw.isfixed)
    {
      sizeh->flags |= PMaxSize;
      sizeh->min_width = sizeh->max_width = win.w;
      sizeh->min_height = sizeh->max_height = win.h;
    }
  if (xw.gm & (XValue | YValue))
    {
      sizeh->flags |= USPosition | PWinGravity;
      sizeh->x = xw.l;
      sizeh->y = xw.t;
      sizeh->win_gravity = xgeommasktogravity(xw.gm);
    }

  XSetWMProperties(xw.dpy, xw.win, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, sizeh, &wm, &class);
  XFree(sizeh);
}

int
xgeommasktogravity(int mask)
{
  switch (mask & (XNegative | YNegative))
    {
    case 0:
      return NorthWestGravity;
    case XNegative:
      return NorthEastGravity;
    case YNegative:
      return SouthWestGravity;
    }

  return SouthEastGravity;
}

int
xloadfont(Font * f, FcPattern * pattern)
{
  FcPattern * configured;
  FcPattern * match;
  FcResult result;
  XGlyphInfo extents;
  int wantattr, haveattr;

  /*
   * Manually configure instead of calling XftMatchFont
   * so that we can use the configured pattern for
   * "missing glyph" lookups.
   */
  configured = FcPatternDuplicate(pattern);
  if (!configured)
    return 1;

  FcConfigSubstitute(NULL, configured, FcMatchPattern);
  XftDefaultSubstitute(xw.dpy, xw.scr, configured);

  match = FcFontMatch(NULL, configured, &result);
  if (!match)
    {
      FcPatternDestroy(configured);
      return 1;
    }

  if (!(f->match = XftFontOpenPattern(xw.dpy, match)))
    {
      FcPatternDestroy(configured);
      FcPatternDestroy(match);
      return 1;
    }

  if ((XftPatternGetInteger(pattern, "slant", 0, &wantattr) == XftResultMatch))
    {
      /*
       * Check if xft was unable to find a font with the appropriate
       * slant but gave us one anyway. Try to mitigate.
       */
      if ((XftPatternGetInteger(f->match->pattern, "slant", 0, &haveattr)
           != XftResultMatch)
          || haveattr < wantattr)
        {
          f->badslant = 1;
          fputs("font slant does not match\n", stderr);
        }
    }

  if ((XftPatternGetInteger(pattern, "weight", 0, &wantattr) == XftResultMatch))
    {
      if ((XftPatternGetInteger(f->match->pattern, "weight", 0, &haveattr)
           != XftResultMatch)
          || haveattr != wantattr)
        {
          f->badweight = 1;
          fputs("font weight does not match\n", stderr);
        }
    }

  XftTextExtentsUtf8(xw.dpy,
                     f->match,
                     (const FcChar8 *)ascii_printable,
                     strlen(ascii_printable),
                     &extents);

  f->set = NULL;
  f->pattern = configured;

  f->ascent = f->match->ascent;
  f->descent = f->match->descent;
  f->lbearing = 0;
  f->rbearing = f->match->max_advance_width;

  f->height = f->ascent + f->descent;
  f->width = DIVCEIL(extents.xOff, strlen(ascii_printable));

  return 0;
}

void
xloadfonts(const char * fontstr, double fontsize)
{
  FcPattern * pattern;
  double fontval;

  if (fontstr[0] == '-')
    pattern = XftXlfdParse(fontstr, False, False);
  else
    pattern = FcNameParse((const FcChar8 *)fontstr);

  if (!pattern)
    die("can't open font %s\n", fontstr);

  if (fontsize > 1)
    {
      FcPatternDel(pattern, FC_PIXEL_SIZE);
      FcPatternDel(pattern, FC_SIZE);
      FcPatternAddDouble(pattern, FC_PIXEL_SIZE, (double)fontsize);
      usedfontsize = fontsize;
    }
  else
    {
      if (FcPatternGetDouble(pattern, FC_PIXEL_SIZE, 0, &fontval) == FcResultMatch)
        {
          usedfontsize = fontval;
        }
      else if (FcPatternGetDouble(pattern, FC_SIZE, 0, &fontval) == FcResultMatch)
        {
          usedfontsize = -1;
        }
      else
        {
          /*
           * Default font size is 12, if none given. This is to
           * have a known usedfontsize value.
           */
          FcPatternAddDouble(pattern, FC_PIXEL_SIZE, 12);
          usedfontsize = 12;
        }
      defaultfontsize = usedfontsize;
    }

  if (xloadfont(&dc.font, pattern))
    die("can't open font %s\n", fontstr);

  if (usedfontsize < 0)
    {
      FcPatternGetDouble(dc.font.match->pattern, FC_PIXEL_SIZE, 0, &fontval);
      usedfontsize = fontval;
      if (fontsize == 0)
        defaultfontsize = fontval;
    }

  /* Setting character width and height. */
  win.cw = ceilf(dc.font.width * cwscale);
  win.ch = ceilf(dc.font.height * chscale);

  FcPatternDel(pattern, FC_SLANT);
  FcPatternAddInteger(pattern, FC_SLANT, FC_SLANT_ITALIC);
  if (xloadfont(&dc.ifont, pattern))
    die("can't open font %s\n", fontstr);

  FcPatternDel(pattern, FC_WEIGHT);
  FcPatternAddInteger(pattern, FC_WEIGHT, FC_WEIGHT_BOLD);
  if (xloadfont(&dc.ibfont, pattern))
    die("can't open font %s\n", fontstr);

  FcPatternDel(pattern, FC_SLANT);
  FcPatternAddInteger(pattern, FC_SLANT, FC_SLANT_ROMAN);
  if (xloadfont(&dc.bfont, pattern))
    die("can't open font %s\n", fontstr);

  FcPatternDestroy(pattern);
}

void
xunloadfont(Font * f)
{
  XftFontClose(xw.dpy, f->match);
  FcPatternDestroy(f->pattern);
  if (f->set)
    FcFontSetDestroy(f->set);
}

void
xunloadfonts(void)
{
  /* Free the loaded fonts in the font cache.  */
  while (frclen > 0)
    XftFontClose(xw.dpy, frc[--frclen].font);

  xunloadfont(&dc.font);
  xunloadfont(&dc.bfont);
  xunloadfont(&dc.ifont);
  xunloadfont(&dc.ibfont);
}

int
ximopen(Display * dpy)
{
  XIMCallback imdestroy = { .client_data = NULL, .callback = ximdestroy };
  XICCallback icdestroy = { .client_data = NULL, .callback = xicdestroy };

  xw.ime.xim = XOpenIM(xw.dpy, NULL, NULL, NULL);
  if (xw.ime.xim == NULL)
    return 0;

  if (XSetIMValues(xw.ime.xim, XNDestroyCallback, &imdestroy, NULL))
    fprintf(stderr,
            "XSetIMValues: "
            "Could not set XNDestroyCallback.\n");

  xw.ime.spotlist = XVaCreateNestedList(0, XNSpotLocation, &xw.ime.spot, NULL);

  if (xw.ime.xic == NULL)
    {
      xw.ime.xic = XCreateIC(xw.ime.xim,
                             XNInputStyle,
                             XIMPreeditNothing | XIMStatusNothing,
                             XNClientWindow,
                             xw.win,
                             XNDestroyCallback,
                             &icdestroy,
                             NULL);
    }
  if (xw.ime.xic == NULL)
    fprintf(stderr, "XCreateIC: Could not create input context.\n");

  return 1;
}

void
ximinstantiate(Display * dpy, XPointer client, XPointer call)
{
  if (ximopen(dpy))
    XUnregisterIMInstantiateCallback(xw.dpy, NULL, NULL, NULL, ximinstantiate, NULL);
}

void
ximdestroy(XIM xim, XPointer client, XPointer call)
{
  xw.ime.xim = NULL;
  XRegisterIMInstantiateCallback(xw.dpy, NULL, NULL, NULL, ximinstantiate, NULL);
  XFree(xw.ime.spotlist);
}

int
xicdestroy(XIC xim, XPointer client, XPointer call)
{
  xw.ime.xic = NULL;
  return 1;
}

void
xinit(int cols, int rows)
{
  XGCValues gcvalues;
  Cursor cursor;
  Window parent;
  pid_t thispid = getpid();
  XColor xmousefg, xmousebg;

  if (!(xw.dpy = XOpenDisplay(NULL)))
    die("can't open display\n");
  xw.scr = XDefaultScreen(xw.dpy);
  xw.vis = XDefaultVisual(xw.dpy, xw.scr);

  /* font */
  if (!FcInit())
    die("could not init fontconfig.\n");

  usedfont = (opt_font == NULL) ? font : opt_font;
  xloadfonts(usedfont, 0);

  /* colors */
  xw.cmap = XDefaultColormap(xw.dpy, xw.scr);
  xloadcols();

  /* adjust fixed window geometry */
  win.w = 2 * borderpx + cols * win.cw;
  win.h = 2 * borderpx + rows * win.ch;
  if (xw.gm & XNegative)
    xw.l += DisplayWidth(xw.dpy, xw.scr) - win.w - 2;
  if (xw.gm & YNegative)
    xw.t += DisplayHeight(xw.dpy, xw.scr) - win.h - 2;

  /* Events */
  xw.attrs.background_pixel = dc.col[defaultbg].pixel;
  xw.attrs.border_pixel = dc.col[defaultbg].pixel;
  xw.attrs.bit_gravity = NorthWestGravity;
  xw.attrs.event_mask = FocusChangeMask | KeyPressMask | KeyReleaseMask | ExposureMask
                        | VisibilityChangeMask | StructureNotifyMask | ButtonMotionMask
                        | ButtonPressMask | ButtonReleaseMask;
  xw.attrs.colormap = xw.cmap;

  if (!(opt_embed && (parent = strtol(opt_embed, NULL, 0))))
    parent = XRootWindow(xw.dpy, xw.scr);
  xw.win =
    XCreateWindow(xw.dpy,
                  parent,
                  xw.l,
                  xw.t,
                  win.w,
                  win.h,
                  0,
                  XDefaultDepth(xw.dpy, xw.scr),
                  InputOutput,
                  xw.vis,
                  CWBackPixel | CWBorderPixel | CWBitGravity | CWEventMask | CWColormap,
                  &xw.attrs);

  memset(&gcvalues, 0, sizeof(gcvalues));
  gcvalues.graphics_exposures = False;
  dc.gc = XCreateGC(xw.dpy, parent, GCGraphicsExposures, &gcvalues);
  xw.buf = XCreatePixmap(xw.dpy, xw.win, win.w, win.h, DefaultDepth(xw.dpy, xw.scr));
  XSetForeground(xw.dpy, dc.gc, dc.col[defaultbg].pixel);
  XFillRectangle(xw.dpy, xw.buf, dc.gc, 0, 0, win.w, win.h);

  /* font spec buffer */
  xw.specbuf = xmalloc(cols * sizeof(GlyphFontSpec));

  /* Xft rendering context */
  xw.draw = XftDrawCreate(xw.dpy, xw.buf, xw.vis, xw.cmap);

  /* input methods */
  if (!ximopen(xw.dpy))
    {
      XRegisterIMInstantiateCallback(xw.dpy, NULL, NULL, NULL, ximinstantiate, NULL);
    }

  /* white cursor, black outline */
  cursor = XCreateFontCursor(xw.dpy, mouseshape);
  XDefineCursor(xw.dpy, xw.win, cursor);

  if (XParseColor(xw.dpy, xw.cmap, colorname[mousefg], &xmousefg) == 0)
    {
      xmousefg.red = 0xffff;
      xmousefg.green = 0xffff;
      xmousefg.blue = 0xffff;
    }

  if (XParseColor(xw.dpy, xw.cmap, colorname[mousebg], &xmousebg) == 0)
    {
      xmousebg.red = 0x0000;
      xmousebg.green = 0x0000;
      xmousebg.blue = 0x0000;
    }

  XRecolorCursor(xw.dpy, cursor, &xmousefg, &xmousebg);

  xw.xembed = XInternAtom(xw.dpy, "_XEMBED", False);
  xw.wmdeletewin = XInternAtom(xw.dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
  xw.netwmname = XInternAtom(xw.dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
  xw.netwmiconname = XInternAtom(xw.dpy, "_NET_WM_ICON_NAME", False);
  XSetWMProtocols(xw.dpy, xw.win, &xw.wmdeletewin, 1);

  xw.netwmpid = XInternAtom(xw.dpy, "_NET_WM_PID", False);
  XChangeProperty(xw.dpy,
                  xw.win,
                  xw.netwmpid,
                  XA_CARDINAL,
                  32,
                  PropModeReplace,
                  (uchar *)&thispid,
                  1);

  win.mode = MODE_NUMLOCK;
  resettitle();
  xhints();
  XMapWindow(xw.dpy, xw.win);
  XSync(xw.dpy, False);

  clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &xsel.tclick1);
  clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &xsel.tclick2);
  xsel.primary = NULL;
  xsel.clipboard = NULL;
  xsel.xtarget = XInternAtom(xw.dpy, "UTF8_STRING", 0);
  if (xsel.xtarget == None)
    xsel.xtarget = XA_STRING;
}

int
xmakeglyphfontspecs(XftGlyphFontSpec * specs, const Glyph * glyphs, int len, int x, int y)
{
  float winx = borderpx + x * win.cw, winy = borderpx + y * win.ch, xp, yp;
  ushort mode, prevmode = USHRT_MAX;
  Font * font = &dc.font;
  int frcflags = FRC_NORMAL;
  float runewidth = win.cw;
  Rune rune;
  FT_UInt glyphidx;
  FcResult fcres;
  FcPattern *fcpattern, *fontpattern;
  FcFontSet * fcsets[] = { NULL };
  FcCharSet * fccharset;
  int i, f, numspecs = 0;

  for (i = 0, xp = winx, yp = winy + font->ascent; i < len; ++i)
    {
      /* Fetch rune and mode for current glyph. */
      rune = glyphs[i].u;
      mode = glyphs[i].mode;

      /* Skip dummy wide-character spacing. */
      if (mode == ATTR_WDUMMY)
        continue;

      /* Determine font for glyph if different from previous glyph. */
      if (prevmode != mode)
        {
          prevmode = mode;
          font = &dc.font;
          frcflags = FRC_NORMAL;
          runewidth = win.cw * ((mode & ATTR_WIDE) ? 2.0f : 1.0f);
          if ((mode & ATTR_ITALIC) && (mode & ATTR_BOLD))
            {
              font = &dc.ibfont;
              frcflags = FRC_ITALICBOLD;
            }
          else if (mode & ATTR_ITALIC)
            {
              font = &dc.ifont;
              frcflags = FRC_ITALIC;
            }
          else if (mode & ATTR_BOLD)
            {
              font = &dc.bfont;
              frcflags = FRC_BOLD;
            }
          yp = winy + font->ascent;
        }

      /* Lookup character index with default font. */
      glyphidx = XftCharIndex(xw.dpy, font->match, rune);
      if (glyphidx)
        {
          specs[numspecs].font = font->match;
          specs[numspecs].glyph = glyphidx;
          specs[numspecs].x = (short)xp;
          specs[numspecs].y = (short)yp;
          xp += runewidth;
          numspecs++;
          continue;
        }

      /* Fallback on font cache, search the font cache for match. */
      for (f = 0; f < frclen; f++)
        {
          glyphidx = XftCharIndex(xw.dpy, frc[f].font, rune);
          /* Everything correct. */
          if (glyphidx && frc[f].flags == frcflags)
            break;
          /* We got a default font for a not found glyph. */
          if (!glyphidx && frc[f].flags == frcflags && frc[f].unicodep == rune)
            {
              break;
            }
        }

      /* Nothing was found. Use fontconfig to find matching font. */
      if (f >= frclen)
        {
          if (!font->set)
            font->set = FcFontSort(0, font->pattern, 1, 0, &fcres);
          fcsets[0] = font->set;

          /*
           * Nothing was found in the cache. Now use
           * some dozen of Fontconfig calls to get the
           * font for one single character.
           *
           * Xft and fontconfig are design failures.
           */
          fcpattern = FcPatternDuplicate(font->pattern);
          fccharset = FcCharSetCreate();

          FcCharSetAddChar(fccharset, rune);
          FcPatternAddCharSet(fcpattern, FC_CHARSET, fccharset);
          FcPatternAddBool(fcpattern, FC_SCALABLE, 1);

          FcConfigSubstitute(0, fcpattern, FcMatchPattern);
          FcDefaultSubstitute(fcpattern);

          fontpattern = FcFontSetMatch(0, fcsets, 1, fcpattern, &fcres);

          /* Allocate memory for the new cache entry. */
          if (frclen >= frccap)
            {
              frccap += 16;
              frc = xrealloc(frc, frccap * sizeof(Fontcache));
            }

          frc[frclen].font = XftFontOpenPattern(xw.dpy, fontpattern);
          if (!frc[frclen].font)
            die("XftFontOpenPattern failed seeking fallback font: %s\n", strerror(errno));
          frc[frclen].flags = frcflags;
          frc[frclen].unicodep = rune;

          glyphidx = XftCharIndex(xw.dpy, frc[frclen].font, rune);

          f = frclen;
          frclen++;

          FcPatternDestroy(fcpattern);
          FcCharSetDestroy(fccharset);
        }

      specs[numspecs].font = frc[f].font;
      specs[numspecs].glyph = glyphidx;
      specs[numspecs].x = (short)xp;
      specs[numspecs].y = (short)yp;
      xp += runewidth;
      numspecs++;
    }

  return numspecs;
}

void
xdrawglyphfontspecs(const XftGlyphFontSpec * specs, Glyph base, int len, int x, int y)
{
  int charlen = len * ((base.mode & ATTR_WIDE) ? 2 : 1);
  int winx = borderpx + x * win.cw, winy = borderpx + y * win.ch,
      width = charlen * win.cw;
  Color *fg, *bg, *temp, revfg, revbg, truefg, truebg;
  XRenderColor colfg, colbg;
  XRectangle r;

  /* Fallback on color display for attributes not supported by the font */
  if (base.mode & ATTR_ITALIC && base.mode & ATTR_BOLD)
    {
      if (dc.ibfont.badslant || dc.ibfont.badweight)
        base.fg = defaultattr;
    }
  else if ((base.mode & ATTR_ITALIC && dc.ifont.badslant)
           || (base.mode & ATTR_BOLD && dc.bfont.badweight))
    {
      base.fg = defaultattr;
    }

  if (IS_TRUECOL(base.fg))
    {
      colfg.alpha = 0xffff;
      colfg.red = TRUERED(base.fg);
      colfg.green = TRUEGREEN(base.fg);
      colfg.blue = TRUEBLUE(base.fg);
      XftColorAllocValue(xw.dpy, xw.vis, xw.cmap, &colfg, &truefg);
      fg = &truefg;
    }
  else
    {
      fg = &dc.col[base.fg];
    }

  if (IS_TRUECOL(base.bg))
    {
      colbg.alpha = 0xffff;
      colbg.green = TRUEGREEN(base.bg);
      colbg.red = TRUERED(base.bg);
      colbg.blue = TRUEBLUE(base.bg);
      XftColorAllocValue(xw.dpy, xw.vis, xw.cmap, &colbg, &truebg);
      bg = &truebg;
    }
  else
    {
      bg = &dc.col[base.bg];
    }

  /* Change basic system colors [0-7] to bright system colors [8-15] */
  if ((base.mode & ATTR_BOLD_FAINT) == ATTR_BOLD && BETWEEN(base.fg, 0, 7))
    fg = &dc.col[base.fg + 8];

  if (IS_SET(MODE_REVERSE))
    {
      if (fg == &dc.col[defaultfg])
        {
          fg = &dc.col[defaultbg];
        }
      else
        {
          colfg.red = ~fg->color.red;
          colfg.green = ~fg->color.green;
          colfg.blue = ~fg->color.blue;
          colfg.alpha = fg->color.alpha;
          XftColorAllocValue(xw.dpy, xw.vis, xw.cmap, &colfg, &revfg);
          fg = &revfg;
        }

      if (bg == &dc.col[defaultbg])
        {
          bg = &dc.col[defaultfg];
        }
      else
        {
          colbg.red = ~bg->color.red;
          colbg.green = ~bg->color.green;
          colbg.blue = ~bg->color.blue;
          colbg.alpha = bg->color.alpha;
          XftColorAllocValue(xw.dpy, xw.vis, xw.cmap, &colbg, &revbg);
          bg = &revbg;
        }
    }

  if ((base.mode & ATTR_BOLD_FAINT) == ATTR_FAINT)
    {
      colfg.red = fg->color.red / 2;
      colfg.green = fg->color.green / 2;
      colfg.blue = fg->color.blue / 2;
      colfg.alpha = fg->color.alpha;
      XftColorAllocValue(xw.dpy, xw.vis, xw.cmap, &colfg, &revfg);
      fg = &revfg;
    }

  if (base.mode & ATTR_REVERSE)
    {
      temp = fg;
      fg = bg;
      bg = temp;
    }

  if (base.mode & ATTR_BLINK && win.mode & MODE_BLINK)
    fg = bg;

  if (base.mode & ATTR_INVISIBLE)
    fg = bg;

  /* Intelligent cleaning up of the borders. */
  if (x == 0)
    {
      xclear(0,
             (y == 0) ? 0 : winy,
             borderpx,
             winy + win.ch + ((winy + win.ch >= borderpx + win.th) ? win.h : 0));
    }
  if (winx + width >= borderpx + win.tw)
    {
      xclear(winx + width,
             (y == 0) ? 0 : winy,
             win.w,
             ((winy + win.ch >= borderpx + win.th) ? win.h : (winy + win.ch)));
    }
  if (y == 0)
    xclear(winx, 0, winx + width, borderpx);
  if (winy + win.ch >= borderpx + win.th)
    xclear(winx, winy + win.ch, winx + width, win.h);

  /* Clean up the region we want to draw to. */
  XftDrawRect(xw.draw, bg, winx, winy, width, win.ch);

  /* Set the clip region because Xft is sometimes dirty. */
  r.x = 0;
  r.y = 0;
  r.height = win.ch;
  r.width = width;
  XftDrawSetClipRectangles(xw.draw, winx, winy, &r, 1);

  /* Render the glyphs. */
  XftDrawGlyphFontSpec(xw.draw, fg, specs, len);

  /* Render underline and strikethrough. */
  if (base.mode & ATTR_UNDERLINE)
    {
      XftDrawRect(xw.draw, fg, winx, winy + dc.font.ascent * chscale + 1, width, 1);
    }

  if (base.mode & ATTR_STRUCK)
    {
      XftDrawRect(xw.draw, fg, winx, winy + 2 * dc.font.ascent * chscale / 3, width, 1);
    }

  /* Reset clip to none. */
  XftDrawSetClip(xw.draw, 0);
}

void
xdrawglyph(Glyph g, int x, int y)
{
  int numspecs;
  XftGlyphFontSpec spec;

  numspecs = xmakeglyphfontspecs(&spec, &g, 1, x, y);
  xdrawglyphfontspecs(&spec, g, numspecs, x, y);
}

void
xdrawcursor(int cx, int cy, Glyph g, int ox, int oy, Glyph og)
{
  Color drawcol;

  /* remove the old cursor */
  if (selected(ox, oy))
    og.mode ^= ATTR_REVERSE;
  xdrawglyph(og, ox, oy);

  if (IS_SET(MODE_HIDE))
    return;

  /*
   * Select the right color for the right mode.
   */
  g.mode &= ATTR_BOLD | ATTR_ITALIC | ATTR_UNDERLINE | ATTR_STRUCK | ATTR_WIDE;

  if (IS_SET(MODE_REVERSE))
    {
      g.mode |= ATTR_REVERSE;
      g.bg = defaultfg;
      if (selected(cx, cy))
        {
          drawcol = dc.col[defaultcs];
          g.fg = defaultrcs;
        }
      else
        {
          drawcol = dc.col[defaultrcs];
          g.fg = defaultcs;
        }
    }
  else
    {
      if (selected(cx, cy))
        {
          g.fg = defaultfg;
          g.bg = defaultrcs;
        }
      else
        {
          g.fg = defaultbg;
          g.bg = defaultcs;
        }
      drawcol = dc.col[g.bg];
    }

  /* draw the new one */
  if (IS_SET(MODE_FOCUSED))
    {
      switch (win.cursor)
        {
        case 7:         /* st extension */
          g.u = 0x2603; /* snowman (U+2603) */
                        /* FALLTHROUGH */
        case 0:         /* Blinking Block */
        case 1:         /* Blinking Block (Default) */
        case 2:         /* Steady Block */
          xdrawglyph(g, cx, cy);
          break;
        case 3: /* Blinking Underline */
        case 4: /* Steady Underline */
          XftDrawRect(xw.draw,
                      &drawcol,
                      borderpx + cx * win.cw,
                      borderpx + (cy + 1) * win.ch - cursorthickness,
                      win.cw,
                      cursorthickness);
          break;
        case 5: /* Blinking bar */
        case 6: /* Steady bar */
          XftDrawRect(xw.draw,
                      &drawcol,
                      borderpx + cx * win.cw,
                      borderpx + cy * win.ch,
                      cursorthickness,
                      win.ch);
          break;
        }
    }
  else
    {
      XftDrawRect(xw.draw,
                  &drawcol,
                  borderpx + cx * win.cw,
                  borderpx + cy * win.ch,
                  win.cw - 1,
                  1);
      XftDrawRect(xw.draw,
                  &drawcol,
                  borderpx + cx * win.cw,
                  borderpx + cy * win.ch,
                  1,
                  win.ch - 1);
      XftDrawRect(xw.draw,
                  &drawcol,
                  borderpx + (cx + 1) * win.cw - 1,
                  borderpx + cy * win.ch,
                  1,
                  win.ch - 1);
      XftDrawRect(xw.draw,
                  &drawcol,
                  borderpx + cx * win.cw,
                  borderpx + (cy + 1) * win.ch - 1,
                  win.cw,
                  1);
    }
}

void
xsetenv(void)
{
  char buf[sizeof(long) * 8 + 1];

  snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%lu", xw.win);
  setenv("WINDOWID", buf, 1);
}

void
xseticontitle(char * p)
{
  XTextProperty prop;
  DEFAULT(p, opt_title);

  if (Xutf8TextListToTextProperty(xw.dpy, &p, 1, XUTF8StringStyle, &prop) != Success)
    return;
  XSetWMIconName(xw.dpy, xw.win, &prop);
  XSetTextProperty(xw.dpy, xw.win, &prop, xw.netwmiconname);
  XFree(prop.value);
}

void
xsettitle(char * p)
{
  XTextProperty prop;
  DEFAULT(p, opt_title);

  if (Xutf8TextListToTextProperty(xw.dpy, &p, 1, XUTF8StringStyle, &prop) != Success)
    return;
  XSetWMName(xw.dpy, xw.win, &prop);
  XSetTextProperty(xw.dpy, xw.win, &prop, xw.netwmname);
  XFree(prop.value);
}

int
xstartdraw(void)
{
  return IS_SET(MODE_VISIBLE);
}

void
xdrawline(Line line, int x1, int y1, int x2)
{
  int i, x, ox, numspecs;
  Glyph base, new;
  XftGlyphFontSpec * specs = xw.specbuf;

  numspecs = xmakeglyphfontspecs(specs, &line[x1], x2 - x1, x1, y1);
  i = ox = 0;
  for (x = x1; x < x2 && i < numspecs; x++)
    {
      new = line[x];
      if (new.mode == ATTR_WDUMMY)
        continue;
      if (selected(x, y1))
        new.mode ^= ATTR_REVERSE;
      if (i > 0 && ATTRCMP(base, new))
        {
          xdrawglyphfontspecs(specs, base, i, ox, y1);
          specs += i;
          numspecs -= i;
          i = 0;
        }
      if (i == 0)
        {
          ox = x;
          base = new;
        }
      i++;
    }
  if (i > 0)
    xdrawglyphfontspecs(specs, base, i, ox, y1);
}

void
xfinishdraw(void)
{
  XCopyArea(xw.dpy, xw.buf, xw.win, dc.gc, 0, 0, win.w, win.h, 0, 0);
  XSetForeground(xw.dpy,
                 dc.gc,
                 dc.col[IS_SET(MODE_REVERSE) ? defaultfg : defaultbg].pixel);
}

void
xximspot(int x, int y)
{
  if (xw.ime.xic == NULL)
    return;

  xw.ime.spot.x = borderpx + x * win.cw;
  xw.ime.spot.y = borderpx + (y + 1) * win.ch;

  XSetICValues(xw.ime.xic, XNPreeditAttributes, xw.ime.spotlist, NULL);
}

void
expose(XEvent * ev)
{
  redraw();
}

void
visibility(XEvent * ev)
{
  XVisibilityEvent * e = &ev->xvisibility;

  MODBIT(win.mode, e->state != VisibilityFullyObscured, MODE_VISIBLE);
}

void
unmap(XEvent * ev)
{
  win.mode &= ~MODE_VISIBLE;
}

void
xsetpointermotion(int set)
{
  MODBIT(xw.attrs.event_mask, set, PointerMotionMask);
  XChangeWindowAttributes(xw.dpy, xw.win, CWEventMask, &xw.attrs);
}

void
xsetmode(int set, unsigned int flags)
{
  int mode = win.mode;
  MODBIT(win.mode, set, flags);
  if ((win.mode & MODE_REVERSE) != (mode & MODE_REVERSE))
    redraw();
}

int
xsetcursor(int cursor)
{
  if (!BETWEEN(cursor, 0, 7)) /* 7: st extension */
    return 1;
  win.cursor = cursor;
  return 0;
}

void
xseturgency(int add)
{
  XWMHints * h = XGetWMHints(xw.dpy, xw.win);

  MODBIT(h->flags, add, XUrgencyHint);
  XSetWMHints(xw.dpy, xw.win, h);
  XFree(h);
}

void
xbell(void)
{
  if (!(IS_SET(MODE_FOCUSED)))
    xseturgency(1);
  if (bellvolume)
    XkbBell(xw.dpy, xw.win, bellvolume, (Atom)NULL);
}

void
focus(XEvent * ev)
{
  XFocusChangeEvent * e = &ev->xfocus;

  if (e->mode == NotifyGrab)
    return;

  if (ev->type == FocusIn)
    {
      if (xw.ime.xic)
        XSetICFocus(xw.ime.xic);
      win.mode |= MODE_FOCUSED;
      xseturgency(0);
      if (IS_SET(MODE_FOCUS))
        ttywrite("\033[I", 3, 0);
    }
  else
    {
      if (xw.ime.xic)
        XUnsetICFocus(xw.ime.xic);
      win.mode &= ~MODE_FOCUSED;
      if (IS_SET(MODE_FOCUS))
        ttywrite("\033[O", 3, 0);
    }
}

int
match(uint mask, uint state)
{
  return mask == XK_ANY_MOD || mask == (state & ~ignoremod);
}

char *
kmap(KeySym k, uint state)
{
  Key * kp;
  int i;

  /* Check for mapped keys out of X11 function keys. */
  for (i = 0; i < LEN(mappedkeys); i++)
    {
      if (mappedkeys[i] == k)
        break;
    }
  if (i == LEN(mappedkeys))
    {
      if ((k & 0xFFFF) < 0xFD00)
        return NULL;
    }

  for (kp = key; kp < key + LEN(key); kp++)
    {
      if (kp->k != k)
        continue;

      if (!match(kp->mask, state))
        continue;

      if (IS_SET(MODE_APPKEYPAD) ? kp->appkey < 0 : kp->appkey > 0)
        continue;
      if (IS_SET(MODE_NUMLOCK) && kp->appkey == 2)
        continue;

      if (IS_SET(MODE_APPCURSOR) ? kp->appcursor < 0 : kp->appcursor > 0)
        continue;

      return kp->s;
    }

  return NULL;
}

void
kpress(XEvent * ev)
{
  XKeyEvent * e = &ev->xkey;
  KeySym ksym;
  char buf[64], *customkey;
  int len;
  Rune c;
  Status status;
  Shortcut * bp;

  if (IS_SET(MODE_KBDLOCK))
    return;

  if (xw.ime.xic)
    len = XmbLookupString(xw.ime.xic, e, buf, sizeof buf, &ksym, &status);
  else
    len = XLookupString(e, buf, sizeof buf, &ksym, NULL);
  /* 1. shortcuts */
  for (bp = shortcuts; bp < shortcuts + LEN(shortcuts); bp++)
    {
      if (ksym == bp->keysym && match(bp->mod, e->state))
        {
          bp->func(&(bp->arg));
          return;
        }
    }

  /* 2. custom keys from config.h */
  if ((customkey = kmap(ksym, e->state)))
    {
      ttywrite(customkey, strlen(customkey), 1);
      return;
    }

  /* 3. composed string from input method */
  if (len == 0)
    return;
  if (len == 1 && e->state & Mod1Mask)
    {
      if (IS_SET(MODE_8BIT))
        {
          if (*buf < 0177)
            {
              c = *buf | 0x80;
              len = utf8encode(c, buf);
            }
        }
      else
        {
          buf[1] = buf[0];
          buf[0] = '\033';
          len = 2;
        }
    }
  ttywrite(buf, len, 1);
}

void
cmessage(XEvent * e)
{
  /*
   * See xembed specs
   *  http://standards.freedesktop.org/xembed-spec/xembed-spec-latest.html
   */
  if (e->xclient.message_type == xw.xembed && e->xclient.format == 32)
    {
      if (e->xclient.data.l[1] == XEMBED_FOCUS_IN)
        {
          win.mode |= MODE_FOCUSED;
          xseturgency(0);
        }
      else if (e->xclient.data.l[1] == XEMBED_FOCUS_OUT)
        {
          win.mode &= ~MODE_FOCUSED;
        }
    }
  else if (e->xclient.data.l[0] == xw.wmdeletewin)
    {
      ttyhangup();
      exit(0);
    }
}

void
resize(XEvent * e)
{
  if (e->xconfigure.width == win.w && e->xconfigure.height == win.h)
    return;

  cresize(e->xconfigure.width, e->xconfigure.height);
}

void
run(void)
{
  XEvent ev;
  int w = win.w, h = win.h;
  fd_set rfd;
  int xfd = XConnectionNumber(xw.dpy), ttyfd, xev, drawing;
  struct timespec seltv, *tv, now, lastblink, trigger;
  double timeout;

  /* Waiting for window mapping */
  do
    {
      XNextEvent(xw.dpy, &ev);
      /*
       * This XFilterEvent call is required because of XOpenIM. It
       * does filter out the key event and some client message for
       * the input method too.
       */
      if (XFilterEvent(&ev, None))
        continue;
      if (ev.type == ConfigureNotify)
        {
          w = ev.xconfigure.width;
          h = ev.xconfigure.height;
        }
  } while (ev.type != MapNotify);

  ttyfd = ttynew(opt_line, shell, opt_io, opt_cmd);
  cresize(w, h);

  for (timeout = -1, drawing = 0, lastblink = (struct timespec){ 0 };;)
    {
      FD_ZERO(&rfd);
      FD_SET(ttyfd, &rfd);
      FD_SET(xfd, &rfd);

      if (XPending(xw.dpy))
        timeout = 0; /* existing events might not set xfd */

      seltv.tv_sec = timeout / 1E3;
      seltv.tv_nsec = 1E6 * (timeout - 1E3 * seltv.tv_sec);
      tv = timeout >= 0 ? &seltv : NULL;

      if (pselect(MAX(xfd, ttyfd) + 1, &rfd, NULL, NULL, tv, NULL) < 0)
        {
          if (errno == EINTR)
            continue;
          die("select failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
        }
      clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &now);

      if (FD_ISSET(ttyfd, &rfd))
        ttyread();

      xev = 0;
      while (XPending(xw.dpy))
        {
          xev = 1;
          XNextEvent(xw.dpy, &ev);
          if (XFilterEvent(&ev, None))
            continue;
          if (handler[ev.type])
            (handler[ev.type])(&ev);
        }

      /*
       * To reduce flicker and tearing, when new content or event
       * triggers drawing, we first wait a bit to ensure we got
       * everything, and if nothing new arrives - we draw.
       * We start with trying to wait minlatency ms. If more content
       * arrives sooner, we retry with shorter and shorter periods,
       * and eventually draw even without idle after maxlatency ms.
       * Typically this results in low latency while interacting,
       * maximum latency intervals during `cat huge.txt`, and perfect
       * sync with periodic updates from animations/key-repeats/etc.
       */
      if (FD_ISSET(ttyfd, &rfd) || xev)
        {
          if (!drawing)
            {
              trigger = now;
              drawing = 1;
            }
          timeout = (maxlatency - TIMEDIFF(now, trigger)) / maxlatency * minlatency;
          if (timeout > 0)
            continue; /* we have time, try to find idle */
        }

      /* idle detected or maxlatency exhausted -> draw */
      timeout = -1;
      if (blinktimeout && tattrset(ATTR_BLINK))
        {
          timeout = blinktimeout - TIMEDIFF(now, lastblink);
          if (timeout <= 0)
            {
              if (-timeout > blinktimeout) /* start visible */
                win.mode |= MODE_BLINK;
              win.mode ^= MODE_BLINK;
              tsetdirtattr(ATTR_BLINK);
              lastblink = now;
              timeout = blinktimeout;
            }
        }

      draw();
      XFlush(xw.dpy);
      drawing = 0;
    }
}

void
usage(void)
{
  die("usage: %s [-aiv] [-c class] [-f font] [-g geometry]"
      " [-n name] [-o file]\n"
      "          [-T title] [-t title] [-w windowid]"
      " [[-e] command [args ...]]\n"
      "       %s [-aiv] [-c class] [-f font] [-g geometry]"
      " [-n name] [-o file]\n"
      "          [-T title] [-t title] [-w windowid] -l line"
      " [stty_args ...]\n",
      argv0,
      argv0);
}

int
main(int argc, char * argv[])
{
  xw.l = xw.t = 0;
  xw.isfixed = False;
  xsetcursor(cursorshape);

  ARGBEGIN
  {
  case 'a':
    allowaltscreen = 0;
    break;
  case 'c':
    opt_class = EARGF(usage());
    break;
  case 'e':
    if (argc > 0)
      --argc, ++argv;
    goto run;
  case 'f':
    opt_font = EARGF(usage());
    break;
  case 'g':
    xw.gm = XParseGeometry(EARGF(usage()), &xw.l, &xw.t, &cols, &rows);
    break;
  case 'i':
    xw.isfixed = 1;
    break;
  case 'o':
    opt_io = EARGF(usage());
    break;
  case 'l':
    opt_line = EARGF(usage());
    break;
  case 'n':
    opt_name = EARGF(usage());
    break;
  case 't':
  case 'T':
    opt_title = EARGF(usage());
    break;
  case 'w':
    opt_embed = EARGF(usage());
    break;
  case 'v':
    die("%s " VERSION "\n", argv0);
    break;
  default:
    usage();
  }
  ARGEND;

run:
  if (argc > 0) /* eat all remaining arguments */
    opt_cmd = argv;

  if (!opt_title)
    opt_title = (opt_line || !opt_cmd) ? "st" : opt_cmd[0];

  setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
  XSetLocaleModifiers("");
  cols = MAX(cols, 1);
  rows = MAX(rows, 1);
  tnew(cols, rows);
  xinit(cols, rows);
  xsetenv();
  selinit();
  run();

  return 0;
}
